ACE Personal Trainer Practice Exam

What distinguishes closed kinetic chain movements?

1. The distal segment is free to move

2. The distal segment has external resistance and is fixed

3. These movements are primarily non-functional

4. They emphasize flexibility over strength

The correct answer is: The distal segment has external resistance and is fixed

Closed kinetic chain movements are characterized by the fact that the distal segment (usually the hand or foot) is fixed and cannot move freely. This means that when you perform a closed kinetic chain exercise, such as a squat or a push-up, the feet or hands remain in contact with a surface (like the ground). The fixed position allows the body to move in a more functional, integrated way, as the muscles work together in a coordinated manner to stabilize the joints and generate movement. This distinction is significant because it affects how forces are transmitted through the joints, emphasizing stability and strength throughout the kinetic chain. In closed kinetic chain exercises, other joints above or below the fixed segment are engaged in the movement, promoting functional strength and neuromuscular coordination. The other options do not accurately describe closed kinetic chain movements. The first option describes an open kinetic chain, where the distal segment is free to move. The third option suggests a non-functional nature, which is not true, as closed kinetic chain exercises are often used to improve functional movements. The fourth option inaccurately prioritizes flexibility over strength, while closed kinetic chain exercises typically focus on strength, stability, and functional movements.